응시이론을 통한 영화 <기생충>의 계급과 권력의 불균형

초록

Bong Joon-ho’s Parasite is a groundbreaking work in Korean cinema, depicting the conflicts and antagonisms between two families from different social classes in the same space. Through clever spatial arrangement and visual symbols, the film highlights the deep divides and unequal power dynamics between these classes. The narrative follows the interactions between the financially underprivileged Kim family and the prosperous Park family, revealing the roots of class stratification and social conflict through complex cinematographic techniques and non-verbal cues. This study analyzes the representation of class and power in Parasite through the lenses of gaze theory and oppositional gaze theory. By applying Laura Mulvey’s “male gaze” theory and bell hooks’ “oppositional gaze” theory, it explores how the upper class gazes upon and objectifies the lower class, and how the lower class resists this gaze through subterfuge and infiltration. Furthermore, the paper introduces the concept of “class gaze,” examining how visual symbols and spatial design reinforce the power dynamics and conflicts between the social classes. The research primarily employs textual analysis, interpreting key scenes, visual symbols, and narrative structures to reveal how the film uses artistic forms to portray social class inequality.

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