The Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Phytochemicals by the Modulation of Innate Immunity

초록

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) induce innate immune responses that are essential for host defense against invading microbial pathogens. In general, TLRs have two major downstream signaling pathways; myeloid differential factor 88(MyD88) and Toll/IL-1R domain-containing adaptor inducing IFN-β (TRIF) leading to the activation of NF-κB and IRF3. Numerous studies demonstrated that certain phytochemicals possessing anti-inflammatory effects inhibit NF-κB activation induced by pro-inflammatory stimuli including lipopolysaccharide and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα). However, the direct molecular targets for such anti-inflammatory phytochemicals are not fully identified. In this paper, we will discuss about the molecular targets of phytochemicals in TLRs signaling pathways. These results present a novel anti-inflammatory mechanism of phytochemicals in TLRs signaling.

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